Retaining Walls: Garden Design Options

The reinforcing wall of the utilitarian structure has become the main object for decorating the landscape. Models and materials depend on engineering, design imagination, and thematic ideas. If you have not yet designed the site, and have nothing against the options in the Art Nouveau style or classic design, the information below will help you navigate the capital fortifications and decorative constructions. The first - provide for the foundation; second - made of stone on a small gravel cushion of 20 cm. You successfully:

1. beat the differences on the site;
2. prevent slipping of soil;
3. divide the area into segments or enclose the house with a decorative vertical;

The neighborhood of a natural reservoir or deep ravine also forces you to turn to the construction of fortifications. When building a house, they are used on segments with a deep difference in relief. A relatively complicated area is leveled by a wall of small conglomerates, which helps to visually correct small troughs.

The line will serve as a border for mixborders or indicate the monumentality of the hill. Textured blocks or a wall of stone flowerpots will beautifully decorate the territory. Wood, natural or artificial stones, bricks, concrete blocks, geotextile and gabion nets will be the basis for such structures.

Imagine how much energy is needed to level the site with ravines. We'll have to bring soil, fill up the pits and "comb" the surface. The problem has another solution - a multifunctional alternative that, in combination, gives a high coefficient of aesthetics and practicality. It is allowed to connect the garden with the basement of the house with a vertical wall, bring it to the rock garden or pond.

Due to the avoidance of solid lines in landscape design, they are broken by architectural elements - stairs, niches, benches or flower beds. Dotted transitions also make it possible to divide the territory into functional segments, and this technique greatly complicates the visual impression of panoramic compositions.

Walls made of prosaic materials

Structures above 1 m require competence in the construction business. The mobility of the soil, its friability, water flows, and drainage system are taken into account. With this format, restrained soil and storm flows will exert pressure on the fortification wall. High fence constructions are rarely set - exclusively for coastal strengthening of reservoirs.

In other cases, adhere to an average value of 60 cm. Usually, several terraces are made, indicated by piece structures - in the amount of 2 or 3. In most cases, the foundation is erected. With loose soil, a foundation is made on piles, on clay - a surface concrete screed.

A rational way for the indicated problem is wooden reinforcement. But in a garden of a regular type, walls of logs are not erected. The tree is designed to decorate landscape scenes. In general, the structure is a structure with vertical striving of logs with a circumference of 12 to 20 cm, standing in a dense line, and buried in depths of up to half a meter. The height is set relative to the final goal.

Note!

1. The lower part of the trunk, intended for concealment, should be treated with machine oil or covered with a film of hot bitumen.
2. Based on the natural rise of water from the root up, the logs should be turned over, and the top made the base. According to the biological process, the liquid will not flow in the opposite direction and, as a result, moisture from the soil will not be absorbed. This technique will prevent decay.

In a similar version, the logs are attached alternately with trunks of smaller diameter in a horizontal position.

Concrete vertical

Concrete reinforcements can be monolithic and precast. The first option is made in the form of a rectangular or trapezoidal geometry with an inclination of 10 degrees. Broken or stepped profiles and other model features are allowed. The second type is made of reinforced concrete in separate plates, and the designer can easily be folded into a wall. For a long time, concrete has been said about the durability of concrete; in finished form, it requires facing.

1. first, dig a trench 40 cm deep when calculated per meter height.
2. make gravel and crushed stone backfill and a few cm, and lay the reinforcement on top for reliability, coupled with soft wire.
3. Using planks tightly fixed with brackets, complete the formwork. At the same time, supplement the structure through each meter with columns, otherwise heavy concrete will break through the fence.
4. it remains to fill in the solution, and the base will be ready in about 5 days. A variety of facing materials will give a decent appearance to a nondescript surface. Luxurious collections of paving tiles and imitation structures surprise with creativity.

System "Technoblock" - modern look of concrete. This is a novelty for the construction of monolithic structures. It differs from a concrete wall by the possibility of simultaneous construction and cladding. The material is reinforced concrete, and panels of different configurations are taken for formwork. The design is designed to withstand the wall up to 5 m high.

Masonry

Masonry is a prosaic way of erecting walls with a permissible difference in width, saturated in red, which naturally fits into any concept. It is half a brick at a meter height and twice as large in the case of a structure the size of a fence. The final step involves varnishing for durability and color brightness. Unlike the previous version - it requires a solid foundation, due to 4 factors:

1. height of the erected vertical (a base of 30 cm is required for 1 m.);
2. soil relief (with loose soil - plus 10 cm);
3. freezing depth (12 cm below the indicated level);
4. the width of the base, exceeding the thickness parameter by 30 cm.

A solution is poured into the trench, which does not reach the edges in 5 cm. In the presence of loose soil, formwork is pre-installed, and only then concrete is added. The foundation freezes for about a week before the brick spreads on it.

Laying a stone does not imply a foundation, and for a half-meter height, their adhesion with a calcareous composition is sufficient for reliability. Initially, 2 cm of the solution is applied to the finished gravel pack, and the largest conglomerate, which determines the width of the future wall, is attached to the screed. Then, large formations are laid out along the border, and the middle with medium-sized cobblestones. After the first floor, another is lined up - and so on to the right height.

The laying pattern is similar to brick: the upper stone overlaps the seam of the connection of the previous row. With a step of 1 meter, large formations that play a connecting role are used.

ORIGINALLY THE WALL IS PREPARED WITHOUT SUPPORT OF THE SOLUTION. THIS RECEPTION WILL HELP CORRECT THE FAILURE MOMENTS, BY MAKING THE OPPORTUNITY TO REPLACE THE NOT LIKED FRAGMENT. ONLY AFTER THE Puzzles are complete, SHOULD GO TO THE NEXT LEVEL, BY FIXING THE LAYOUT WITH A LAYOUT.

After finishing events, stones are washed with soap and a brush! Cleaning products change their natural color and make them faded.

Modern solutions

Gabions. The problem is beautifully and elegantly solved with the help of a structure consisting of a metal grid containing pebbles, cobblestones, etc. The rectangular or cylindrical shape of the gabions quickly takes root as engineering buildings. This is a modern alternative to masonry on mortar, comparing favorably with the usual format. Over time, they turn into green blocks, and splendidly decorate the territory.

Installation is due to the installation of a frame of thick metal mesh on a given line. The containers are wired and filled with stones in full.

Instead of sand and gravel, the gabion inside is often equipped with a compacted geo-test. Quite quickly, gaps become clogged with soil, and this fact ensures the consolidation of the entire structure and its reliability.

Geotextile construction. The material is represented by a range of grades, and has high characteristics. Retaining structures are made both from the designated material, and from its modified version - reinforced geogrid, and provide for the combination of types. All versions withstand the load of precipitation, and are adapted to temperature fluctuations. Geotenic material is made of sheet strips up to 200 mm, connected by a seam to each other, and forming a cellular lattice. Its dimensions are determined by the digital indicators of the load, and depend on the structural features of the aggregate.

Ideas for cladding

The type of wall will depend on the choice of facing material, its compatibility with the stylistic idea, and the corrective nuances. The collection of decoration versions is represented by a variety of species: pebbles, plaster, natural stones.

The lining of the reinforcing vertical is carried out on the tile solution by gluing individual elements. It is convenient to work with geometric shapes, but what if it is a curly breccia or asymmetric forms of non-standard textures? The stone lends itself to a grinder, so it is easy to fit the plate under the already pasted fragment. It's nice to deal with the structure of sandstones, and they look in the compositions naturally and always relevant to the design. The finished wall should be varnished.

If you make the wall, the facade of the house in the same style, and duplicate the stone in the composition of the pavement paths, you can talk about the classics of the landscape genre. Part of the garden, buried in plants, it is proposed to decorate with wooden reinforcement. For example, a plastered house with columns, a grand staircase, balustrades against a garden with a white rotunda, stone walls, is decorated with flowerpots or sculptures, and looks majestic.

1. combine several types of stones that are identical in parameters in the decoration and lay out the vertical with stripes, which, for brightness, can be slightly tinted in "plant" colors;
2. pave the segments of the reinforcing base with boulders - arrange them in the form of columns;
3. organize a retaining structure in the form of an alpine slide, reproduced from sandstones, breaking flowers in the voids between them or planting dwarf shrubs that can take root in a modest area.The technology involves a pre-designed project, since you will have to move the stones to form niches for planting;

In such "pockets" a loosestrife, a grass, a budra will take root and gracefully hang vines. If you lower the looms - the plants are beautifully intertwined, and create a plant composition. A great way out is decorative mosses. A little trick: so that they grow faster - spread boulders with a fermented milk product, and a coating of "antiquity deep" will be provided soon.

The above information is a brief overview of the technologies for the construction of retaining fortifications. The construction industry is much wider represented by interesting cladding options, which allows you to create unique landscapes.

Watch the video: 60 Retaining Wall Ideas (October 2024).